CONSTITUTION DAY

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Constitution Day

Commemorating Constitution Day and Citizenship Day - September 17, 2010
Notice of Implementation of Constitution Day and Citizenship Day
Oregon Social Sciences Teacher Update - Constitution Day
Constitution Day Preparation

Resources
Related Issues

Constitution Day

Written in 1787, ratified in 1788, and in operation since 1789, the United States Constitution is the world's longest surviving written charter of government. Its first three words –– "We the People" –– affirm that the government of the United States exists to serve its citizens. For over two centuries the Constitution has remained in force because its framers wisely separated and balanced governmental powers to safeguard the interests of majority rule and minority rights, of liberty and equality, and of the federal and state governments. Since 1789, the Constitution has evolved through amendments to meet the changing needs of a nation now profoundly different from the eighteenth-century world in which its creators lived.

The United States enjoys a representative form of government, shaped by three separate branches as established in the Constitution:

Article I states that "All legislative Powers herein granted shall be vested in a Congress of the United States, which shall consist of a Senate and a House of Representatives."

Article II states that "The executive Power shall be vested in a President of the United States of America."

Article III provides for a "judicial Power of the United States."

A system of checks and balances, which the Constitution also sets forth, limits the powers of each branch.

Article I of the Constitution created and defined the United States Congress, granting to the two houses of the legislative branch such powers as the ability to collect taxes, coin money, raise and support an army, declare war, establish post offices, create patent laws, and establish a federal judicial system. It gave to the Senate the exclusive right to provide advice and consent to the president on treaties and nominations, and the sole power to try and remove from office an impeached governmental official.

More than two centuries after its ratification, the United States Constitution remains a vital and living document, strengthened by amendments, serving as both guide and protector of U.S. citizens and their elected officials. It has survived civil war, economic depressions, assassinations, and even terrorist attacks, to remain a source of wisdom and inspiration.

The creation of the U.S. Constitution depended upon the knowledge, experience and dedication of its framers, just as its endurance depends upon the knowledge and experience of each succeeding generation of Americans. For this reason, it is important for us to learn and understand the governing principles of our nation, set forth in the Constitution.

To encourage all Americans to learn more about the Constitution, Congress in 1956 established Constitution Week, to begin each year on September 17th, the date in 1787 when delegates to the Convention signed the Constitution. In 2004, Senator Robert C. Byrd of West Virginia included key provisions in the Consolidated Appropriations Act of Fiscal Year 2005 designating September 17th of each year as Constitution Day and requiring public schools and governmental offices to provide educational programs to promote a better understanding of the Constitution . Source: www.senate.gov/artandhistory/history/common/generic/ConstitutionDay.htm

Commemorating Constitution Day and Citizenship Day - September 17, 2010
September 17, 2010 is Constitution Day and Citizenship Day (Constitution Day). This day commemorates the September 17, 1787, signing of the United States Constitution.

Each educational institution that receives Federal funds for a fiscal year is required to hold an educational program on the United States Constitution on September 17, of such year for the students served by the educational institution. This posting is intended to remind affected educational institutions of this responsibility and to provide some resources for them to use in developing their program.

To assist in planning Constitution Day programs, we are pleased to provide links to Federal Web sites that contain materials that can be publicly accessed for general use or for use as teaching materials in the classroom.

The Department of Education maintains a Web site for finding teaching resources across the Federal government. It is called FREE and can be found at: free.ed.gov/subjects.cfm?subject_id=19

Constitution Resources

Meet the delegates who gathered in Philadelphia in May 1787 to rewrite the Articles of Confederation. Learn what issues they faced. Discover the sources that inspired them. Read the essays printed in New York City papers urging ratification of the delegates' proposal. Explore a 200-year timeline showing the impact of the Constitution on our history. Search the Constitution, and see explanations of 300 topics.

We also encourage participants to visit The National History Education Clearinghouse (NHEC) Web site at www.teachinghistory.org . The NHEC is funded by the U.S. Department of Education under contract no. ED-07-CO-0088. The NHEC homepage features special, highlighted information on teaching resources for Constitution Day.

In addition, we refer you to the National Archives and Records Administration's Web site, www.archives.gov .

Celebrate Constitution Day

Read the Constitution in its original form and in a transcript. View Webcasts of Senator Byrd's remarks and discussions on federalism and checks and balances.

The Constitution of the United States

View high resolution scans of the original, signed Constitution. Obtain a transcript. Read an essay about the Constitutional Convention. Learn dozens of fascinating facts about the Constitution. Learn about each of the signers of the Constitution.

Observing Constitution Day: The Signers of the Constitution

Find out about the delegates who signed the Constitution on September 17, 1787. Teaching with Documents

Observing Constitution Day: The Constitution Game

Explore, in this simulation, how the members of the Constitutional Convention might have felt as they gathered in Philadelphia's Independence Hall and began the task of writing the Constitution.

Teaching With Documents: The Ratification of the Constitution

Uncover the issues involved in the creation and ratification of the Constitution and the new government it established.

Thank you for your interest in Constitution Day and these resources. If you have any questions regarding Constitution Day and Citizenship Day, please contact Tony Fowler at (202) 401-3673 or Anthony.Fowler@ed.gov.
Source: www2.ed.gov/policy/fund/guid/constitutionday.html

Notice of Implementation of Constitution Day and Citizenship Day

FR Doc 05-10355
[Federal Register: May 24, 2005 (Volume 70, Number 99)]
[Notices]
[Page 29727]
From the Federal Register Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]
[DOCID:fr24my05-48]
Complete document
Correction Notice (Incorporated below)

*     *     *

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION

Notice of Implementation of Constitution Day and Citizenship Day on September 17 of Each Year
AGENCY: Office of Innovation and Improvement, Department of Education.
ACTION: Notice of implementation of Constitution Day and Citizenship Day.

*     *     *

SUMMARY: The Assistant Deputy Secretary for Innovation and Improvement announces that, pursuant to legislation passed by Congress, educational institutions receiving Federal funding are required to hold an educational program pertaining to the United States Constitution on September 17 of each year. This notice implements this provision as it applies to educational institutions receiving Federal funding from the Department.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Alex Stein, U.S. Department of Education, 400 Maryland Avenue, SW., room 4W218, Washington, DC 20202-5910. Telephone: (202) 205-9085 or via Internet: constitutionday@ed.gov (has permanent fatal errors). Try: Alex.Stein@ed.gov .

If you use a telecommunications device for the deaf (TDD), you may call the Federal Relay Service (FRS) at 1-800-877-8339. Individuals with disabilities may obtain this document in an alternative format (e.g., Braille, large print, audiotape, or computer diskette) on request to the contact person listed above.

Electronic Access to This Document: You may view this document, as well as all other documents of this Department published in the Federal Register, in text or Adobe Portable Document Format (PDF) on the Internet at the following site: www.ed.gov/news/fedregister .

To use PDF you must have Adobe Acrobat Reader, which is available free at this site. If you have questions about using PDF, call the U.S. Government Printing Office (GPO), toll free, at 1-888-293-6498; or in the Washington, DC, area at (202) 512-1530.

Note: The official version of this document is the document published in the Federal Register. Free Internet access to the official edition of the Federal Register and the Code of Federal Regulations is available on GPO Access at: www.gpoaccess.gov/nara/index.html .

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: This notice informs educational institutions receiving Federal funds from the U.S. Department of Education (Department) of a new statutory requirement for implementation of an educational program pertaining to the United States Constitution, on a date designated by statute as Constitution Day and Citizenship Day ("Constitution Day''). This Congressional initiative is authorized by Section 111 of Division J of Pub. L. 108-447, the ``Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2005,'' Dec. 8, 2004; 118 Stat. 2809, 3344-45 (Section 111). The Assistant Deputy Secretary for Innovation and Improvement (Assistant Deputy Secretary) takes this action in order to implement this provision as it applies to educational institutions receiving Federal funding from the Department.

Section 111(b) states ``[e]ach educational institution that receives Federal funds for a fiscal year shall hold an educational program on the United States Constitution on September 17 of such year for the students served by the educational institution.'' For purposes of the Department's implementation of this requirement, ``educational institutions'' includes but is not limited to ``local educational agencies'' and ``institutions of higher education'' receiving Federal funding from the Department.

Section 111 applies to all educational institutions receiving Federal funding, not only those receiving Federal funding from the Department. However, the Department's authority only extends to those educational institutions receiving funding from the Department, and consequently the Department can only regulate with regard to those institutions.

Section 111 requires that Constitution Day be held on September 17 of each year, commemorating the September 17, 1787 signing of the Constitution. However, when September 17 falls on a Saturday, Sunday, or holiday, Constitution Day shall be held during the preceding or following week.

Section 111 does not authorize funds to carry out this requirement, and Section 111(d) indicates that this section shall apply ``without fiscal year limitation.'' Accordingly, the Assistant Deputy Secretary intends that this notice pertain to this fiscal year and all subsequent years.

Some informational resources pertaining to the Constitution are listed below. In addition to these, the Department is aware that there may be other public and private resources available that may be helpful to educational institutions in implementing Constitution Day. While the Department does not endorse any particular program or Web site, this information is provided because it may be of use to educational institutions developing their Constitution Day programs.

One of the Library of Congress' repositories for Constitutional documents and information may be accessed at: memory.loc.gov/ammem/bdsds/bdsdhome.html .

The National Archives also has a Web site with a scan of the U.S. Constitution available online at: www.archives.gov/national_archives_experience/charters/constitution.html :

In addition, the National Archives has a nationwide network of research facilities, including presidential libraries that welcome students as young as 14 years of age. Information about the facilities (by region and state) can be located online at: www.archives.gov/facilities/index.html .

In addition to the resources mentioned above, it is our understanding that the U.S. Office of Personnel Management will be making available to all Federal agencies, information to help train and educate Federal employees on the Constitution and, in particular, its relationship to the Oath of Office Federal employees take. This information will be posted shortly on the OPM Web site, at: www.opm.gov/ .

We expect that educational institutions may find this material useful in planning their Constitution Day activities.

Electronic Access to This Document: You may view this document, as well as all other Department of Education documents published in the Federal Register, in text or Adobe Portable Document Format (PDF) on the Internet at the following site: www.ed.gov/news/fedregister .

To use PDF, you must have Adobe Acrobat Reader, which is available free at this site. If you have questions about using PDF, call the U.S. Government Printing Office (GPO), toll free, at 1-888-293-6498; or in the Washington, DC, area at (202) 512-1530.

Note: The official version of this document is the document published in the Federal Register. Free Internet access to the official edition of the Federal Register and the Code of Federal Regulations is available on GPO Access at: www.gpoaccess.gov/nara/index.html .

Dated: May 19, 2005
Nina Shokraii Rees,
Assistant Deputy Secretary for Innovation and Improvement.
[FR Doc. 05-10355 Filed 5-23-05; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4000-01-P

Oregon Social Sciences Teacher Update - Constitution Day - September 1, 2010 (Shorten URL to this section - http://bit.ly/eb4Lar )

In 2005, Congress established September 17 as Constitution Day. As schools, federal and state agencies, and others that receive federal funding are required to provide educational programs related to the United States Constitution on that day. The Federal Register Notice of Implementation is available at www.ed.gov/legislation/FedRegister/other/2005-2/052405b.html . Many organizations provide resources to support schools’ activities on that day:

Annenberg Media

  • The Constitution: That Delicate Balance: features a panel discussion on constitutional issues by distinguished personalities in government, media, and law. www.learner.org/resources/series72.html
  • See how key figures in law, media, government, religion, military, health care, and business puzzle through controversies introduced through hypothetical cases and the Socratic method in Ethics in America www.learner.org/resources/series81.html and Ethics in America II. www.learner.org/series/ethics2/
  • Hear leading historians recount American history illustrated by historical footage in Democracy in America. www.learner.org/courses/democracyinamerica The course Web site has downloadable readings that include the writings of Frederick Douglass, Thomas Jefferson, Abraham Lincoln, Niccolo Machiavelli, Thomas Paine, and Alexis de Tocqueville.
  • Making Civics Real: A Workshop for Teachers presents effective high school lessons and access Web-based materials including student and teacher perspectives, essential readings, and primary source documents. www.learner.org/workshops/civics
  • For middle and high school teachers, America's History in the Making looks at the early development of the U.S. system of government. www.learner.org/courses/amerhistory See unit 4, "Revolutionary Perspectives," and click on OAH Talking History to listen to the radio programs "Revolutionary Mothers" and "Washington's Slaves." Then see unit 20, “Egalitarian America,” for a look at more recent constitutional issues.
  • Learn about the beginnings of the U.S. Constitution in "A New System of Government," program 5 of A Biography of America. www.learner.org/biographyofamerica
  • Programs in The Western Tradition relevant to the Constitution include program 5, "The Rise of Greek Civilization," program 6, "Greek Thought," program 37, "The American Revolution," and 38, "The American Republic." www.learner.org/resources/series58.html
  • Search for historical artifacts –- images and documents -- related to the Constitution in the American Passages archive. www.learner.org/amerpass/slideshow/archive_search.php Our special slideshow tool also allows you to create one or more presentations using items from the archive.

Classroom Law Project

“Visitor from Outer Space”: Great with all age groups. The U.S. is overtaken by space aliens and learners are asked to ponder which rights are most important. www.classroomlaw.org/files/posts-pages/resources/lesson_plans/constitution_day_lesson.pdf

Council of State Social Studies Specialists (CS4) (See below)

This links to another large list of resources. www.cs4online.org/cs4weblinks/constitutionday.html

Bill of Rights Institute

The Bill of Rights Institute has developed materials to help students and other observers understand the significance of the U.S. Constitution in observance of Constitution Day. Free materials are available to download from the web site. There are Constitution Day lessons for middle school and high school as well as a Constitution Cube lesson with activities for all levels. "Champions of Freedom" is a middle school activity that includes images of the Founding Fathers. www.BillofRightsInstitute.org/ConstitutionDay

Center for Civic Education

The Center for Civic Education has lesson topics for all grade levels:

  • Kindergarten: Introduction to the term authority
  • Grades 1 and 2: Introduction to the terms authority, limited government and law
  • Grades 3 and 4: Introduction to the Preamble's ideas and importance
  • Grades 5 and 6: Explore terms in the Preamble
  • Grades 7 and 8: The federal system and the role of federal vs. state governments
  • Grades 9 and 10: Introduction to the first Congress, establishing the executive and judicial branches, and drafting of the Bill of Rights
  • Grades 11 and 12: Major conflicts and the Bill of Rights
    www.civiced.org/byrd

Constitutional Rights Foundation

The Constitutional Rights Foundation provides resources to educate young people about the responsibilities of "civic participation in a democratic society." Among the resources are lessons with the following titles: "A Visitor for Outer Space (V.O.I.C.E.)," "Diversity and Equality (The Challenge of Diversity)," "The Constitution and Governance (The Challenges of Governance)," "The Tired King (Adventures in Law and History, Vol. II)" and other titles. www.crf-usa.org/constitution-day

Dirksen Congressional Center

The Dirksen Congressional Center promotes an understanding of the U.S. Congress and its leaders through archives, research and educational programs. On the Historical Documents page under "Constitution" are a number of links to other resources. www.dirksencongressionalcenter.org

First Amendment Center

The First Amendment Center provided information about the First Amendment freedoms to protect and preserve the First Amendment to the U.S. Constitution. The center is housed at Vanderbilt University in Nashville, Tennessee and Arlington, Virginia. Materials are organized according to the five freedoms in the First Amendment. Lesson plans are also included. www.firstamendmentcenter.org/about.aspx?item=about_fac

Gilder Lehrman Institute of American History

The Gilder Lehrman Institute has a module on the U.S. Constitution under "For Teachers and Students." Resources include primary sources, a bibliography of books, films and additional web sites. Lesson plans illustrate how to put all of the resources together. www.gilderlehrman.org

History Channel

"This Day in History" for September 17 provides information about the U.S. Constitution. www.historychannel.com

Law Focused Education, Inc.

The Law Focused Education, Inc. web site has activities for students, lesson plans and other materials for teachers to use in planning for Constitution Day. There is a weekly Constitution quiz, a Constitution game, Preamble Scramble and Branches of the Federal Government among several interactive activities. texaslre.org

Liberty Day

Liberty Day is a nonprofit organization dedicated to education youth about the basics of the U.S. Constitution and Declaration of Independence and to distributing copies of those document to the country’s fifth graders. They also provide a Complete Education Resource for teachers on the Constitution. The Resource includes a Teacher’s Packet containing a lesson plan, two evaluation forms, and multiple-choice pre- and post-tests. Also included are copies of the documents and a set of 24 Q&A flashcards on the contents of the Constitution. For more information, go to the web site www.LibertyDay.org or contact Andy McKean at Andy@LibertyDay.org

National Archives

The National Archives Building in Washington, D. C. houses the handwritten copy of the U.S. Constitution. An article included on the web site entitled "A More Perfect Union" provides details of the Constitutional Convention and the process for ratifying the U.S. Constitution. Interesting facts about the U.S. Constitution are included in "Questions and Answers Pertaining to the Constitution." These resources are available on the Constitution web page. www.archives.gov

National Constitution Center

The National Constitution Center is dedicated to increasing public understanding of the U.S. Constitution. Their resources include a toolkit for a group of people to read the Constitution aloud and lesson plans and other resources. The teacher resources were updated on August 17 and 18, 2006. The first web address is for the home page for the National Constitution Center. The second web address is for Constitution Day activities. The third web address links to the "America Reads the Constitution" tool kit. www.constitutioncenter.org

Public Broadcasting Service

The Public Broadcasting Service (PBS) web site has at least thirty-five lessons and other activities relating to the U.S. Constitution. One lesson for high school is entitled "Why Celebrate Constitution Day?" Most of the lessons appear to be for high school and middle school classes. www.pbs.org

U.S. Courts

The U.S. Courts web site has discussion topics in one-page handouts, fast facts, interactive games, sixth amendment activities and court simulations. www.uscourts.gov

Constitution Day, Inc.

www.constitutionday.com

We the People LIVE: A Free Constitution Day Webcast, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt

At the Newseum in Washington, D.C., on Sept. 17, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt & HISTORY will host a live, 45-minute program with a series of readings, narrative, and question-and-answer sessions to help students understand the 223-year-old U.S. Constitution. (Editor's note: This was in 2010. We haven't confirmed if it will happen in 2011 as well.)
Source:
www.ode.state.or.us/teachlearn/subjects/socialscience/curriculum/update/ssteacherupdate_85_9.10.pdf

Resources

  • Oregon Department of Education
    Susan Castillo
    State Superintendent of Public Instruction
    Oregon Department of Education
    255 Capitol Street NE
    Salem, OR 97310-0203
    (503) 947-5600 | Fax: (503) 378-5156
    superintendent.castillo@state.or.us
    General ODE Questions:
    ode.frontdesk@ode.state.or.us
  • Office of Educational Improvement and Innovation (EII)
    The work of the Office of Educational Improvement and Innovation (EII) is to ensure that all components of Oregon’s public and private educational enterprise, pre-kindergarten through postsecondary (PK-20), are effectively interconnected to provide appropriate and personalized instruction for each student. EII provides leadership to Oregon's districts and schools, professional development for teachers and administrators, and tools for student success.
    Assistant Superintendent
    Colleen Mileham
    colleen.mileham@state.or.us
    (503) 947-5663

Constitution Day Preparation (From above)

  • September, MarcoGram: We the People: Celebrating Constitution Day

    This school year, for the first time ever, all schools that receive federal funding are required by Congress to hold a "Constitution and Citizenship Day" on September 17 or the closest school day. To help you prepare, we’ve rounded up some of our newest and most compelling lessons on the U.S. Constitution, its architects, its meaning and its magnitude in this month’s MarcoGram. Use the activities below to get your students thinking about how the Constitution affects all American citizens, then scroll down for more links and resources on this topic. Plus, visit EDSITEment for a full-page feature on the Constitution, with lessons and activities for all grade levels.

  • JA Worldwide (Junior Achievement) has developed five lesson plans that are available for use in K-12 classrooms to observe Constitution Day. Follow the link provided, www.ja.org/programs/programs_supplements_constitution.shtml , to access the following:
    • Two high school lessons
      One middle school lesson
      Two elementarty lessons (grade K-2 and grades 3-5)
  • National Constitution Center: Constitution Day www.constitutionday.us/

    Provides background on the day and a bank of resources, including I Signed the Constitution , a tool kit which enables a school, federal agency or any organization to set up a kiosk for Constitution Day where citizens can sign the Constitution or decide to abstain. The tool kit is accompanied by education materials and easy to follow how-to instructions. www.constitutioncenter.org/education/ForEducators/LessonPlans/GradeLevels/Elementary.shtml Elementary, middle and high school lesson plans from the Constitution Center.

  • The Bill of Rights Institute is offering free educational and programming materials to schools to help teachers organize events to commemorate Constitution Day, scheduled for this year on September 16, 2005. Click visit www.BillofRightsInstitute.org to access the following:

    Two Constitution lesson plans: one for high school and one for middle school
    A biographical essay about James Madison, the Father of the Constitution, that includes an audio component
    A Founders Gallery that features images of the Founders
    Lesson plan about the Bill of Rights that includes a short video
    Media-focused lesson plan on the First Amendment

  • Campaign for the Civic Misson of Schools: www.civicmissionofschools.org/resources/matrix.html

    CMS practice examples show how schools and teachers are educating students for democracy. Reviewed by an advisory group of civic learning experts, the examples align with the Civic Mission of Schools' six promising approaches to civic learning and demonstrate criteria for high-quality, civic learning practice. The first is knowledge of government. Examples are by grade level, K-2, 3-5, 6-8, 9-12

  • U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services: uscis.gov/graphics/citizenship/

    This site is for immigrants but contains flash cards and a naturalization self-test that might help students recognize how much or how little they know about the Constitution and other government facts. It is strictly drill and kill.

  • The National Archives Experience: Celebrate Constitution Day www.archives.gov/national-archives-experience/charters/constitution/constitution-day.html

    Join the National Archives for a month-long celebration the Constitution.

  • The National Archives Experience: www.archives.gov/national-archives-experience/charters/constitution_q_and_a.html

    Questions and Answers about the Constitution by Sol Bloom, National Archives

  • The National Archives Experience: www.archives.gov/education/lessons/constitution-day/signers.html

    Information about each of the 39 signers.

  • The White House: http://www.whitehouse.gov/kids/constitution

    This site contains links to Constitution facts, quizzes, and other resources

  • The Constitution for Kids: http://www.usconstitution.net/constkidsK.html

    The Constitution for grades K-3 a basic fact sheet with a link for pictures of the Constitution.

  • The Library of Congress: http://lcweb2.loc.gov/ammem/ndlpedu/lessons/constitu/const-l1.html

    From the Library of Congress, a 3 day lesson on drafting the Constitution.

  • The Center for Civic Education: http://www.civiced.org

    The Center for Civic Education will post seven lessons on its website in August 2005. These age-appropriate lessons are suggested for use at each of the following grade levels:

    Kindergarten
    Grades 1—2
    Grades 3—4
    Grades 5—6
    Grades 7—8
    Grades 9—10
    Grades 11—12

    Permission to duplicate these lessons is given provided the following credit line is used:

    Reprinted with permission from the Center for Civic Education. Copyright 2005. Center for Civic Education. www.civiced.org

  • Justice Learning: justicel.bootnetworks.com/constitutionday.asp

    Justice Learning site with video and audio material, as well as lesson plans on the constitution

  • The Constitution Rights Foundation: www.crf-usa.org/constitution_day/constitution_day_home.htm

    The Constitutional Rights Foundation presents a series of free online lessons, resources from the CRF catalog, and Internet links to help educators design their own Constitution Day program.

  • The Dirkson Congressional Center : www.congresslink.org

    The Dirkson Congressional Center contains numerous resources containing information about our government.

  • About Governement: www.aboutgovernment.org/print_historicaldocuments.htm#constitution

    For a direct link to various historical documents such as The Articles of Confederation, Bill of Rights, Federalist Papers, Declaration of Independence and U.S. Constitution visit About Governement

  • 100 Milestone Documents: www.ourdocuments.gov/content.php?flash=true&page=milestone

    100 Milestone Documents is A National Initiative on American History, Civics, and Service. We invite all Americans to participate in a series of events and programs to get us thinking, talking and teaching about the rights and responsibilities of citizens in our democracy. At the heart of this initiative are 100 milestone documents of American history. These documents reflect our diversity and our unity, our past and our future, and mostly our commitment as a nation to continue to strive to "form a more perfect union." We want everyone-students, teachers, parents, and the general public-to read these milestone documents, consider their meaning, discuss them, and decide which are the most significant and why. This initiative creates a number of ways to do that-through classroom activities and competitions, and votes.

    Directly access the U.S. Constitution at www.ourdocuments.gov/doc.php?flash=true&doc=9

Source: www.cs4online.org/cs4weblinks/constitutionday.html  

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